Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide has industrial grade and food grade, with 35% and 50% in industrial grade, and 50% of industrial grade is generally exported.
The chemical formula of hydrogen peroxide is H?O?, because there are two O, it is commonly called hydrogen peroxide. It is a colorless and transparent liquid and is a strong oxidant. Its aqueous solution is suitable for medical wound disinfection, environmental disinfection and food disinfection. Under normal circumstances, it will decompose into water and oxygen, but the decomposition rate is extremely slow. The way to speed up the reaction is to add a catalyst-manganese dioxide or irradiate it with shortwave radiation. After decomposition, oxygen and water are generated. It is one of the key points of laboratory oxygen production in junior high school chemistry. However, hydrogen peroxide is also a carcinogen announced by the World Health Organization
【Brief introduction】
Chinese synonyms: hydrogen peroxide; hydroperoxide; dihydrogen dioxide
English synonyms: perhydrol; perdrogen; peroxide;
uperoxol
Hazardous Substances Data: 7722-84-1 (Hazardous Substances Data)
Professional standards: TWA1.4 mg/m3; STEL4.2 mg/m3
The method of producing oxygen in the junior high school laboratory: adding manganese dioxide as a catalyst to accelerate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
Reactant: hydrogen peroxide
Conditions: Manganese dioxide (iron oxide, iron chloride, catalase, etc.), heating or shortwave radiation.
(Accelerate the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide)
Product: oxygen + water
Physical properties
The aqueous solution is a colorless and transparent liquid, soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, but insoluble in benzene and petroleum ether.
Pure hydrogen peroxide is a light blue viscous liquid with a melting point of -0.43 °C and a boiling point of 150.2 °C. The molecular configuration of pure hydrogen peroxide will change, so the melting and boiling point will also change. The solid density at the freezing point is 1.71g/, and the density decreases with increasing temperature. Its degree of association is greater than H?O, so its dielectric constant and boiling point are higher than water. Pure hydrogen peroxide is relatively stable. It will be violently decomposed into water and oxygen when heated to 153 °C. It is worth noting that there are no intermolecular hydrogen bonds in hydrogen peroxide.
Hydrogen peroxide has a strong oxidizing effect on organic matter and is generally used as an oxidant. [1]
The main purpose
Hydrogen peroxide is used for medical, military and industrial purposes. The daily disinfection is medical hydrogen peroxide. Medical hydrogen peroxide can kill intestinal pathogenic bacteria, pyogenic cocci, and pathogenic yeasts. It is generally used for surface disinfection. Hydrogen peroxide has an oxidizing effect, but the concentration of medical hydrogen peroxide is equal to or lower than 3%. When wiped on the wound surface, there will be a burning sensation, the surface will be oxidized to white and air bubbles, just wash it with clean water, and it will take 3-5 minutes. Restore the original complexion.
In the chemical industry, it is used as raw materials for the production of sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium chlorite, thiourea peroxide, etc., as well as oxidizing agents for tartaric acid and vitamins. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as a fungicide, disinfectant, and an oxidant for the production of thiram insecticide and 40l antibacterial agent. In printing and dyeing industry, it is used as a bleaching agent for cotton fabrics and a coloring agent after vat dyeing. Used to remove iron and other heavy metals in the production of metal salts or other compounds. It is also used in electroplating solution to remove inorganic impurities and improve the quality of plating parts. It is also used for bleaching wool, raw silk, ivory, pulp, fat, etc. The high concentration of hydrogen peroxide can be used as rocket power fuel.
Civil use: To deal with the peculiar smell of the kitchen drain, buy hydrogen peroxide, add water and washing powder in the pharmacy, and pour it into the drain to decontaminate, disinfect and sterilize;
3% hydrogen peroxide (medical grade) can be used for wound disinfection;
【Precautions】
1. Do not take orally, and should be kept out of reach of children.
2. It is corrosive to metals, use with caution.
3. Avoid mixing with alkaline and reducing substances.
4. Keep away from light and heat, and store at room temperature.
5. The validity period for medical treatment is generally 24 months.
6. Do not touch with your hands.
7. Suitable for washing and disinfection.
